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Eyes Of The Aged, Exercises And Television

The degree of loss of vision depends on the location and extent of the cataract in the lens. In some instances vision is gradually reduced until only the ability to see light remains. Nearsightedness often develops. Cataract is not difficult to diagnose, particularly with the many instruments now available to specialists in conditions affecting the eye. Thus, a device known as the slit lamp will tell the physician exactly the character, nature, and extent of the opacity in the lens. While the cataract is developing, vision may be helped by appropriate eye glasses. Once the vision is seriously impaired, surgical operation is necessary and desirable Specialists in such surgical procedures are now available in most of the Medical centers in the United States and, in fact, in many smaller communities. The operation is done under modem procedures painlessly, with great speed and with almost complete success.

Old people seem to cry easily, and sometimes suffer from an overflow of tears. This is often due to relaxation of the tissues of the eye, which do not hold the material as do the elastic tissues of the young. Surgeons have developed techniques for maintaining the normal relationships between the tissues, overcoming this overflow of tears when it becomes a nuisance. Elderly people often complain of heaviness of the eyelids and inability to raise them, especially in the morning. The weakness may be due to a gradual disappearance of the elastic tissue from the eyelids.

In the old person the pupil of the eye becomes smaller and less movable, and the color of the eye becomes lighter. The lens of the eye grows and increases in weight throughout life. Sometimes a ring seems to form around the colored center of the eye. This is called an arcus senilis and is characteristic of aging. Cataract is typical of the aged, and the exact cause is not known. The decision as to whether or not a cataract is to be removed by surgical operation depends on many factors having to do with the patient's physical and mental condition, as well as the actual condition of the eye.

Old people need much higher intensities of light than do young persons. In fact, improvement of the light often decreases the need for stronger eyeglasses.

Cataracts

One of the most serious manifestations of increased age is a gradual loss of transparency in the lens of the eye, a condition commonly called cataract. The word cataract came from a Greek word meaning waterfall. Experts in language say that the term was applied to the formation of a cataract in the eye because the gradual loss of vision was related to something dropping in front of the eye. The condition was known in the third century B.C., and the operation for removal of the lens, so that people with cataracts could see, was first done in 1745. However, in 300 B.C. a procedure was known for depressing the lens, so that vision would improve.

The degree of loss of vision depends on the location and extent of the cataract in the lens. In some instances vision is gradually reduced until only the ability to see light remains. Nearsightedness often develops. Cataract is not difficult to diagnose, particularly with the many instruments now available to specialists in conditions affecting the eye. Thus, a device known as the slit lamp will tell the physician exactly the character, nature, and extent of the opacity in the lens. While the cataract is developing, vision may be helped by appropriate eye glasses. Once the vision is seriously impaired, surgical operation is necessary and desirable Specialists in such surgical procedures are now available in most of the medical centers in the United States and, in fact, in many smaller communities. The operation is done under modem procedures painlessly, with great speed and with almost complete success.

Eye Exercises

For a good many years now, attempts have been made to get people to train their eyes by exercises to improve the strength of the eyes in various ways, thus permitting these people to avoid glasses. The original slogan was "Throwaway your glasses and have perfect sight."

Unfortunately, the majority of experiences of eye specialists during past twenty years has inclined definitely to limit the extent of usefulness of eye exercises as a means of improving vision. The modem ophthalmologist, or specialist in conditions affecting the eyes, knows the limitations and insists that such methods cannot be applied indiscriminately to all sorts of defects of the eyes. There are certain disturbances which are not affected in any way whatever by exercises; these include cataracts, destruction of the optic nerve, opaque scars of the cornea, and serious changes in the retina. A cataract is a cloudiness of the lens of the eye. The nerve must be alive and normal to permit vision. An opaque scar of the cornea is like a window-blind drawn over a window; such scars render vision impossible. The retina is the tissue back of the eye which is responsible for vision, and permanent change to the retina obviously means permanent damage to vision. Exercises can do nothing to help such vision.

The psychological treatment associated with education of the eyes helps to reconcile people to difficulties with vision, even though it does not cure them.

In certain instances skillfully-chosen exercises can improve the ability to see. Studies made with patients who are color-blind show that it is possible by education to improve the ability to discriminate between colors but that it is impossible to cure color blindness, since the condition is due to permanent changes in the tissues concerned. People who are extremely nearsighted can be taught how to make better use of their vision, but it is not possible to reduce the near sightedness by any kind of exercise. People who have severe scars of the cornea may be helped to some extent by exercises and education, because they can be taught to make the most of the amount of vision they have.

Eyesight And Television

When motion pictures were first introduced much was published about the danger of glare, flickering, and long-continued intense looking at movies. When radio came in similar discussions began to be published about the effects of noise, strain of the sense of hearing, and other possible complications. People soon learned that the human mind could do a great deal in shutting out the unwarranted sounds.

Now comes television with a combination of strain on both hearing and seeing. Already great numbers of investigators have been trying to develop devices that can help the human eye and ear to make the most out of television without strain on the essential sense organs of the body. Recently several experts in conditions affecting the eye were consulted by the Journal of the American Medical Association to find out what they thought about the effects of television on eyestrain. Here are six considerations to which they agreed:

1. In general a large screen is considered better than a small one, because it allows a clearer vision at a greater distance and gives a large visual angle.

2. The nearer to the perpendicular the screen is viewed, the better. Too much of an angle produces distortion and makes co-ordination of the two images received by the eyes difficult. (It might be added here that since most of our visual work is done at the level of or below our eyes it would seem better, especially for children, to have the screen at eye level.)

3. Although there is not a definite time limit for watching television, some discretion should be Used, and it should not be persisted in beyond the point of fatigue.

4. Daylight screens in general are considered better than the ordinary ones, because they are compatible with more light in the room, thus reducing the contrast between screen and surrounding objects.

5. Although television in itself does not produce eyestrain, viewing it requires all the important components of vision. Since we know that there is a very large personal factor and that people vary in their capacity to carry on various visual tasks, there will be more enjoyment if the rules given above are followed. People with defects in convergence, accommodation, fusion, and refraction suffer ocular discomfort sooner than others.

6. The reproduction should be actually focused and no attempt made to view an indistinct picture. The viewer should sit directly in front of the instrument with the screen at eye level.

7. Because of papillary and retinal fatigue from contrast and flicker, a dim light should be constantly used in the television room.

8. Colored or tinted lenses should not be worn while viewing television, whether they do or do not contain the person's correction. Of course the people who do best are those who utilize judgment in the amount of strain that they put on their bodies.

About the Author

David Crawford is the CEO and owner of a Male Enhancement Reviews company known as Male Enhancement Group which is dedicated to researching and comparing male enhancement products in order to determine which male enhancement product is safer and more effective than other products on the market. Copyright 2010 David Crawford of http://www.maleenhancementgroup.com This article may be freely distributed if this resource box stays attached.

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